Wrench.



S. R. ARCH-ER.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.11,1911.

1,004,522.. Patented Sept. 26,1911.

ill)

SAMUEL R. ARCHER, OF MOORHEAD, MISSISSIPPI,

ASSIGNOB F FORTY-FIVE ONE- HUNDREDTHS TO ULYSSES S. WASSON AND RUFUS A 'HOO'VER, 0F MOQBHEAD,

MISSISSIPPI.

"WRENCH.

Application filed March 11, 1911. Serial No. 613,542.

the following is a-specification.

The present invention has reference to improvements in Wrenches, and especially in that type of wrench which includes fixed and movable coiiperating jaws, adjustable relatively to each other to permit their engagement with objects of various shapes and sizes.

the movable jaw carries a serrated gripping ment thereof in addition to its endwise move ment, thereby enabling said dog to operate upon the principle of the well-known Stillson wrench.

A structural embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein-- Figure. 1 is a side elevation of the improved wrench, the movable jaw being shown in section, with the dog in its projected or operative position Fig. 2 is a side elevation of said wrench, showing the dog in its re tracted or inoperative position; Fig. 3 is a fragmental vertical section taken on the broken line 33 of Fig. .2; and Fig. l is a collective view of the shaft on which the dog isv mounted and the handle for operating said sh aft. j

i In said drawings, 1 indicates-the fixed jaw of the wrench, 2 the shank whereof said jaw is formed, and 3 the handle. The above parts are-of the ordinary construction, and the shank is threadedin the usual manner for engagement with the threads formed on Specification of Letters-Irritant.

It resides, broadly, in the production of ayvrench of the above described type wherein Patented Sept. 26, 19111.

the interior of the rotatable adjusting collar 4, which latter is slidable said shank and is connected with the movable jaw 5 through the of said jaw and engagingin a circumferential groove 7 provided in said collar. serrated under face of the ed for coiiperation either with the plane upper face of the movable jaw or with the serrated upper end face of a dog 8, accordin to the character of the object to be "gripped. The said movable jaw 5 is hollow, I as shown, disposed in the interior thereof in front of the shank and is designed-for endwise movement into and out of operative When it is desired to grip a plane aced ob ject, such, for example, as a nut, the do may be retracted, or moved inwardly of the jaw 5, so as to permit the working faces of P the latter jaw and the fixed jaw to coiiperate in the ordinary manner, but when a pipeor other tubular or cylindrical object 9, (shown in Fig. 1) dog is moved outwardly into the position shown in the figure last mentioned, where upon its serrated end face'will be brought into play. To efi'ect this endwise movement of the dog, its lower portion is preferably formed with a circular opening 10 wherein an eccentric 11 is rotatably fitted, as best able operating devices may be employed in lieu thereof. The said eccentric 11 is fitted on the squared central portion 12 of a bolt 13, whose endor bearing portions 14 and 15 scribed, it will be seenthat the bolt 13 inay be readily removed from the jaw and has been detached,,whcreu mmthendogwmay,

longitudinally on The fixed jaw is adapt-i shown in Figs. 1 and 3, although other suitpro ect through alining perforations formed tions are preferably of different diameters,-

By reason of the construction above dethrough the eccentric by means of itsv enalargement or head 16, after the handle 18 medium of an inwardly bent nose 6 formed on the lower end and the dog above referred to is osition.

, is to be turned or gripped, said in turn, be withdrawn from said jaw. It

will also be seen that the dog may be quickly raised or lowered, by rotating the handle 18.

i As regards the dog itself, it may be stated that said dog is preferably constituted by a flat, substantially sector-shaped piece of metal widened laterally at its outer or upper transverse shoulders formed upon the inner surfaces of the side walls of said jaw 5. These shoulders are located adjacent the upper or gripping face of the jaw.

A spring 21 is provided for normally forcing the upper portion of the dog away from the shank and toward the front wall of aw 5, the spring being preferably secured at one end to the upper portion of said dog and having its free end engaged in a seat 22 formed in said jaw directly adjacent, the shank, as shown in Fig. 1. The eccentric 11 disposed in the opening 10 in the dog constitutes a pivot whereon the latter can swing or rock, the purpose-of this construction be ing explained at length hereinafter. Means is also provided for locking the dog both in its operative and in its inoperative positions. To effect such locking, the handle 18 is constructed of spring metal and is provided with a lug or shoulder 23 which is designed for interchangeable engagement in a pair of seats 24 and 25 formed in the adjacent side wall of the movable jaw 5, these sea-ts being so located that when the handle has reached a position where lug 23 is in alinement with seat 24, and, consequently, is free to move thereinto under the resilience of said handle, said dog will occupy its operative position, and will occupy its inoperative position when said-.lug is engaged in the seat 25. The said lug may be constituted by an extension of the finger piece or operating portion of the handle, or may have any other suitable position on said handle. I

The operation of the device when used for turning nuts and other plane-faced objects is believed to be fully apparent, and it is necessary to state only that the dog occupies its inoperative position at such time. It will be' seen, however, that'even when so used :the toothed upper end of the dog may be called into play if the thickness of the nut be less than the width of said end, in which eventv the latter will effectively engage one edge of the nut. Where the device is employed foroperating on a pipe or similar object, suchxibjectwill be gripped between the serrated faces of the fixed jaw 1 and the dog, said dog having previously been moved outwardly of 5. When so positioned, the ,dog will operate in the same-manner as the movableiaw of a Stillson wrench; during'the effective movement of the wrench in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1, the dog will be caused to rock inwardly, or toward the shank, and, in so doing, its toothed enlargement 19 will bite into the pipe and turn the same as the movement of the wrench is continued, but when the reverse movement-of said wrench .takes place, the tension of the spring against the dog causes the same to rock outwardly, away from said shank, thereby causing the teeth of enlargement 19 to loosen their grip upon the pipe, the eccentric constituting the hearing or pivot upon which the dog rocks. It will be seen, there fore, that the dog has a positive rocking movement upon a relatively fixed bearing,

rather than a bodily lateral movement, and, in addition to such rocking movement, an endwise or longitudinal movement, both of these movements being relative to the movable jaw of the .wrench.

I claim as my invention:

1. in a wrench, the combination of a shank provided with a fixed jaw; a jaw movable on said shank; an eccentric arranged within the second-named aw; a

gripping men'iber mounted on said eccentric for coiiperation with the first named jaw; and means for rotating said eccentric, to adjust said member longitudinally.

2. In a wrench, the combination of a shank provided with a fixed jaw; a jaw movable on said shank; an eccentric arranged within the second-named jaw; a

gripping member mounted on said eccentric for cotiperation with the first named jaw; means for rotating said eccentric, to move said member into and out of operative position; and means for retaining said member in either operative or inoperative position.

3. In a wrench, the combination of a shank provided with a fixed jaw; a jaw movable on said shank; a bolt rotatably mounted in the second-named jaw; a gripping member mounted on said bolt within said second-named jaw for cooperation with.

the first named jaw; and means for rotating said bolt, to move said member into and out of operative position, said means being arranged for positive engagement with said second-named jaw at one definite point, to hold said member in operative position, and at another definite point tohold said member in inoperative position.

4. In a wrench, the combination of a shank provided with a fixed jaw; a jaw movable on said shank; a bolt rotatably mounted in the second-named jaw; a gripping member mounted on said bolt within said second-named jaw for coiiperation with the first named jaw; and a spring handle secured to said'boltfor rotating the same, to move said'member into and out of operative position, said handle being arranged for positive engagement with said secondnamedjaw at one point, to hold said member in operative position, and at another point ;to hold said member in inoperative position. v 1.

5. In a wrench; the combination of a shank providedwith a fixed jaw; a jaw movable onsaid shank and having one of its side walls. formed with a pair of seats;

a 'bolt- 'rotatably mounted in the secondnamed jaw; a gripping member mounted -ranged within the second-named jaw; a

rocking gripping member mounted on said eccentric within said second-named'jaw for eoiiperation with the first named jaw; and ni'fgns for rotating said eccentric to adjust said member longitudinally, said member beingarranged to rock in one direction during the effective movementof the wrench,

to engage the-object to be gripped, and in the opposite direction during the reverse movement of said wrench, to.release such object. V Y

7. In a wrench, the combination of a shank provided witlra fixed jaw; ,a. jaw

movable on said shank; a bolt rotatively mounted in the second-named jaw; an cecentric fast on said bolt; a gripping member mounted loosely on said eccentric for cooperation with the first named jaw; and means for rotating said bolt, to move said member longitudinally into and out of operative position, said means being arranged for positive engagement with said secondnamed aw at one point-,to hold said member in operative position, and at another point to hold. said member in inoperative position.

8.. In a wrench, shank provided with a fixed'jaw; ajaw movable on said'shank and having one of its side walls formed with a pair 'of seats;

a bolt'rotatably mounted invthe secondnamed jaw;.an eccentric fast on said bolt;

a gripping member mounted loosely on said eccentric for cooperation withthe first named'jaw; and a spring handle secured to said bolt for rotating the same, to move said member longitudinally into and out of operative position, said handle having aportion thereof arranged for interchangeable engagement in said seats, to hold said member in either operative or inoperative position. Y Y

9. In a wrench, the combination of a shank provided with a fined jaw; a jaw movable on said shank; an eccentric arthe combination of a ranged within the second-named jaw; a.

rocking gripping member mounted on said eccentric within said second-named jaw for cooperation with the first named j aw; means for rotating said eccentric to adjust said member longitudinally, said member being arranged to positively rock in one direction on said eccentric during the effective movement of the wrench, to engage the object to v be gripped; and a spring arranged within said second-named jaw and engaged'with said member above said eccentric for rocking said member in the opposite direction on said eccentric during the reverse movement of the said wrench, to release such object.

In testimony whereof Ihave hereunto set I my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' SAMUEL R. ARCHER. Witnesses Pruoi H. VIRDEN A. H. TURNAGE. 

